This website is intended for teachers, with the hope that they will be able to use the website to engage their students. Watersheds - http://srtm.usgs.gov/srtmimagegallery/index.html. Instant access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, podcasts and more. The ozone also protects life on earth from this dangerous radiation. Explore the causes of floods, examples of different types, and strategies used to prevent damage from occurring. A tornado's wind speeds are estimated based on the damage caused by the storm, which is assessed after-the-fact. 0000001817 00000 n The more kinetic energy (speed) the molecules have, the higher their temperature and vice versa. Occluded fronts are represented on weather maps by a solid purple line with alternating triangles and semi-circles, pointing in the direction of its movement. In the cold season, they can be composed of ice crystals since the temperatures are cold enough. Derived oceanic variable, atmospherically corrected and geolocated, but Introduction to Data Assimilation: Lecture 2. Zhn}ChOg.shP4+O?`L'e%o%PaN2R }7WrghZVZpYWb*AQ }oD;IgNe NN85_*B Historical geology. National Hazards Graphical Air is said to be unstable if it continues to rise after being given a slight "push" upward. Infrared waves and ultraviolet waves are two types of waves from the sun that we cannot see. Instability What is RAWE Rural Agricultural Work Experience (RAWE) is a programme in which the students are exposed to reality in field or in agro-based industrial situation. fossil fuels burned to power car and trucks, heat homes, etc.) There are several ways in which air can be lifted. A flood occurs when land that is typically dry is incidentally covered with water. The eyewall is a wall of deep clouds (see photo to the right) that produce the torrential rainfall that surrounds the eye of hurricanes. Air masses that originate over water will be moist and are designated with a lowercase "m" for maritime. On weather maps highs and lows are surrounded by lines called isobars. 3. A Lifting Mechanism. Isobars are lines of constant pressure; they connect every location that has the same value of pressure. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. Daily Video Briefing, CURRENT CONDITIONS Moisture This keeps the air unstable and allows the cloud to keep growing vertically. Innovations method. Aviation 08/04/2017 2 . Citizen Science. There are ten major cloud shapes that fall into four groups based on altitude, or height in the sky. If air remains over a source region long enough, it will acquire the properties of the surface below. Hn0D-P>Jt0{3k^4(% Vm2~ieTb#.t During this stage, updrafts and a downdrafts are present and the thunderstorm is at its most intense state. Unless otherwise identified, these images were created by me, either as original artwork or using freely available online data and graphics sources. Lecture 7. When the eyewall and/or the eye are going through changes in their structure, there will be associated changes in the surface wind speed. Extended Outlooks, TROPICAL Directional wind shear refers to the change of wind direction with height and speed shear, the change of wind speed with height. Since the late 19th century, the global mean surface temperatures have increased 0.5-1.0F. Convection transfers heat vertically into the atmosphere. If the cloud's temperature is below freezing, it will contain ice crystals. Vertical wind shear is the change in wind speed and/or direction with height. Horizontal: Wind Vertical: Vertical Motions, mixing Wind, mixing disperse Pollutants!! Instruments carried by a balloon up through the atmosphere, equipped with sensors to measure meteorological variables (pressure, temperature, relative humidity, wind, etc. The boundary separating these two layers is called the stratopause. The bottom of this isothermal layer marks the end of the troposphere and the beginning of the stratosphere. The vertical motion of air, however, is very important in determining our weather. One of these naturally occurring circulations is the El Nio/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle. The southeastern United States can tap into moisture from two of these sources (Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Ocean). Once this occurs, only the cyclonic rotation remains. 0000003004 00000 n These clouds are classified as vertically developing. On occasion, if the temperatures are cold enough, they may contain some ice particles and snow. This occurs in the tropical Pacific Ocean near the equator when there is a reversal of the surface air pressure at opposite ends of the Pacific Ocean. Troposphere - Most of the weather occurs. More tornadoes strike the central United States than any other place in the world, so this region has earned the nickname "tornado alley." Conversely, air is considered to be stable if it returns to its original position after being "pushed" upward. Air temperature is measured with a thermometer and is expressed using the Kelvin scale, Fahrenheit scale (F) or the Celsius scale (C). 0000005987 00000 n 0000006779 00000 n Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. One last problem is that the damage assessment is completed after-the-fact. A stationary front is a front that is not moving. trailer << /Size 133 /Info 101 0 R /Root 107 0 R /Prev 355104 /ID[<30c3787d2755dc5c9581d46ef1231a2b><30c3787d2755dc5c9581d46ef1231a2b>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 107 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 100 0 R >> endobj 131 0 obj << /S 339 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 132 0 R >> stream The atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide, one of the most talked about greenhouse gases, has increased by nearly 30%. This gradual rise of air favors the development of widespread, continuous precipitation, which often occurs along and ahead of the front. The SlideShare family just got bigger. 1 millibar (mb) = 0.02953 inches of mercury (Hg). Corpus Christi, TX426 Pinson DrCorpus Christi, TX 78406(361) 289-0959Comments? - Definition, Types & Process, Understanding Weather Fronts: Types & Their Effect on Weather, What Are Thunderstorms? forecast the weather rely on thousands of Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. 4. Lightning, thunder, heavy rain and possibly small hail are produced during this stage. A different assessment may be made based on who is assessing the damage. Chapter 38: Basics of Meteorology, Test your knowledge with a 30-question chapter practice test. The air then moves out at the top of the cyclone in the opposite direction. (chapter 18) Distinguish between Chemical Composition of the Atmosphere PowerPoint Presentation Vertical Structure of Atmosphere PowerPoint Presentation 5 variables influence the atmosphere: Variables influencing the . Outdoor Safety, SPECIAL PROGRAMS Since hurricanes need warm waters for development, they only form over warm, tropical oceans. U,V,T,P,ES profiles at 27 levels. Wind is simply air in motion relative to the earth's surface. Once saturation is reached, condensation occurs and the water vapor in the air will condense into tiny water droplets. Test your knowledge of this chapter with a 30 question practice chapter exam. BASIC METEOROLOGY Pollutants circulate the same way the air in the troposphere circulates. This life cycle generally lasts one to two hours. The H's and L's represent high and low pressure systems. Weather: The state of the atmosphere at a specific time with respect to sunshine, cloudiness, humidity, rainfall, temperature, wind, and visibility.It is the short-term variations in the atmosphere, as opposed to the long-term, climatic changes. Air temperature may also stay the same with increasing height. These water droplets grow into larger droplets by colliding and coalescing with one another. The MetEd website provides education and training resources to benefit the operational forecaster community, university atmospheric scientists and students, and anyone interested in learning more about meteorology, weather forecasting, and related geoscience topics! Videos. As air rises, it may condense and form clouds and precipitation. If the PGF and the Coriolis Force are exactly equal and opposite, the wind would blow parallel to isobars, with high pressure on the right. These regions frequently have all the necessary conditions for thunderstorm formation. Anticipating that some viewers might appreciate the opportunity to examine some of the many figures I show in the course more closely, I offer below files in PowerPoint (PPT) and PDF format keyed to the 24 lectures in the "Meteorology" course. A front is simply the boundary between two air masses. There are many components to the water cycle, but only the most important ones will be discussed here: Evaporation is the process by which a substance changes from the liquid phase to the gas phase. The earth's surface and the air near the surface heats unevenly. An occluded front forms as the cold air behind the cold front meets the cold air ahead of the warm front. n!&ANF7pZH{IbVEX`'n8{7[mQim=Y-IK/Cr II :J `qv~t?vI;2C_#Jb~^Bp,qpPwZ%l'$v+Vx[ #-p[CZlA/| m y]C :HIVAm~>~n_0( =+{+N&k`y&9J@ This is because the rain produced by the thunderstorm is wrapped around the rotating updraft. Hugs mada :) A PPT to teach weather vocabulary. - Beautifully designed chart and diagram s for PowerPoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. This is why there is sometimes a band of showers and/or thunderstorms that line up along the leading edge of the cold front. You may also be interested in the "Frequently, infrequently, and never asked questions" page. A substance's temperature will determine which wavelength of radiation the substance will emit and also the rate of emission. There are three forces that cause the wind to blow in the direction that it does. This is one reason why this region has the greatest frequency of thunderstorms in the United States. Precipitation is the liquid or frozen water particles condensed in the atmosphere that falls back to the ground. This warms the atmosphere, making the air lighter and causing it to rise further. Local Research Explore tools for weather forecasting and the types of weather maps and images including surface and upper-level maps, and satellite, radar, and thermodynamic images. The size of the eye is typically 20-40 miles across, but can be larger or smaller depending on the storm. What is meteorology? It's FREE! The appearance of downdrafts marks the beginning of the mature stage. Also, notice that (in the Northern Hemisphere) the wind blows clockwise around a high pressure system and also slightly outward from its center. weather stations located around the world, l;Fo^8nL2f&t3x1pKI j('vf3:n/aIZ zMI/hl^T>N {vUqBm},7`ZUuc=VH[v Conversely, air that is sinking warms, which causes clouds to evaporate and produce clear weather. mP: cold, moist air mass One problem is that it is subjective. "{g`^]~6B$4O/(tQ ]" Atmosphere. Before the industrial revolution all of these carbon dioxide sources were generally in balance with the removal of carbon dioxide through absorption by the oceans and vegetation. All rights reserved. Safety . Why does the wind blow? Weather maps and images are used to forecast the weather and track storms. Connect with Us. The boundary between the two cold air masses is called an occluded front. Questions? Purpose. The sun's radiation warms the earth's atmosphere and surface and becomes heat energy. 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