instead of a normal 3 contractions/min.) Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. I had a cervical biopsy done on friday the 6th. 2018 Oct;30(10):e13380. One of these symptoms patients may discuss with us is the constant presence of nausea and/or gastroparesis, a problem with their stomachs ability to empty itself of food. This condition is characterized by gastritis (inflammation of the stomach) and gastroparesis (decreased stomach motility), both of which occur with low vagal tone. Insertion of an appropriately sized speculum helps to visualize and center the cervix. The catheter's piston is then drawn out to create suction. DES raises the risk for cancer of the reproductive system. Biopsy material will appear as a dark red tissue core and should not disintegrate in formalin. It is normal to have some mild cramping, spotting, and dark or black-colored discharge for several days. We are going to refer to two of these studies as they relate to cervical instability and a myriad of related symptoms including problems of digestion and a sense of chronic nausea in relation to the brainstem. As stated above, nausea can be caused by many problems. A lot of these patients have seen gastroenterologists, they have had endoscopy performed and the result have revealed nothing. Top answers from doctors based on your search: Created for people with ongoing healthcare needs but benefits everyone. Complications from a cone biopsy may include bleeding, infection or the cervix . In this article, we will go down the investigative route of cervical spine instability. Having this procedure doesnt automatically mean you have cervical cancer. The patient should be instructed to report any fever, persistent cramping, abdominal pain, or bleeding heavier than a period occurring within 24 to 48 hours of the biopsy.9, Few complications occur with endometrial biopsy; abdominal cramping and false-negative results are most common.1 Rare complications include excessive bleeding, tenaculum-associated cervical tears, vasovagal reaction, uterine or cervical perforation, and infection.9,17, Insufficient samples are common in postmenopausal women. These afferents also respond to mucosal stroking, acid, alkali, hypertonic solutions, temperature, nutrient amounts, and irritants or toxins. You usually do not need to stop eating or drinking before a simple cervical biopsy. This material may not otherwise be downloaded, copied, printed, stored, transmitted or reproduced in any medium, whether now known or later invented, except as authorized in writing by the AAFP. However, you should discuss the potential complications with your doctor, such as: Also, a cone biopsy may cause temporary menstrual changes, where your next period may be heavier than usual. An overactive immune system reacts to food. Video chat with a U.S. board-certified doctor 24/7 in less than one minute for common issues such as: colds and coughs, stomach symptoms, bladder infections, rashes, and more. If you did have a biopsy, wait about 3 days to have vaginal sex. A patient history confirming the indication and excluding contraindications to the procedure should be taken. Current researches have shown that the preservation of the celiac branch of the vagal nerve is safe and feasible in patients with early gastric cancer. Peripheral nervous system innervation of the GI tract causes increases in bowel motility and glandular secretion. The idea is that by cutting the vagus nerve, (the vagus nerve controls stomach acid secretion) stomach acids and the problems of acid erosion in the digestive tract can be managed and ulcers can heal. Generally, women who have had a cervical biopsy will need more frequent Pap tests. Insufficient samples have been reported in an average of 31% of samples, with studies reporting rates between 1% and 53%. For a colposcopic biopsy, patients are urged to: The process for a cervical biopsy depends on what type your doctor recommends. This cleansing process may burn a bit, but it shouldnt be painful. This is because of the changes and scarring in the cervix that may happen from the procedure. Before removal of the vaginal speculum, all residual blood and antiseptic cleansing solution should be cleaned from the cervix and vaginal vault. A decrease in vagus nerve input impacts the path of food from the esophagus, to the stomach, through the digestive tract to the duodenum, the part of the small intestine that immediately connects to the stomach. Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) is emerging as a potential non-pharmacologic strategy for the treatment of abdominal pain.. Rare risks include bleeding or an infection that needs treatment. PMID: 29261889. Summary transcriptions and explanatory notes: At 0:54 of this video, Dr. Hauser refers to Vagus nerve compression and how this could cause gastroparesis. In addition, cone biopsies may increase the risk for infertility and miscarriage. Pregnancy should be reasonably excluded before beginning the procedure. Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a major problem during recovery from surgery . Afterward, you may experience a small amount of bleeding or discharge. PLoS One. After a simple biopsy, you may rest for a few minutes after the procedure before going home. It's normal to have mild cramping, spotting, and dark or black-colored discharge for several days after a cervical biopsy. Thanks for your feedback. Expect some mild cramping and spotting as you recover from your cervical biopsy. Robson J, Merwe C van der, Walters L, Noack L, Giles SM. Read the form carefully and ask questions if something is not clear. After monitoring this asymptomatic lesion, the size increase results in laparoscopic splenectomy. Indications for a cervical biopsy include: In addition, a cervical biopsy sometimes is done to diagnose genital warts or cervical polyps. Simply, this persons stomach is not working right. Stimulation of the vagus nerve can lead to an emptying of the stomach. Even though these procedures are very effective, sometimes abnormal cells come back. Tell your provider if you have had a bleeding disorder. 2014;2014:192087. doi:10.1155/2014/192087, Weinmann S, Naleway A, Swamy G, et al. Certain activities may also be restricted. For these, please consult a doctor (virtually or in person). Cervical biopsy side effects. General anesthesia may make you drowsy after the procedure, so you shouldnt drive until the effects have worn off. You should not drive following this procedure. This procedure uses a narrow instrument called a curette to scrape the lining of the endocervical canal. Ross Hauser, MD, Batson G, Ferrigno C. Non-operative treatment of cervical radiculopathy: a three-part article from the approach of a physiatrist, chiropractor, and physical therapists. 5 Sun WF, Liang P. Significance of celiac branch of the vagal nerve in function-preserving gastrectomy. Your doctor may want to see you 4 weeks after your cervical biopsy to rule out any complications and to make sure youve recovered properly. A good explanation of what happens next and the vagus nerve involvement is explained in this paper published in the journal Current Medicinal Chemistry. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. The signals of the vagus nerves, in fact almost all of the nerves of the body have to travel through the medulla through various nerve pathways or tracts. What are we seeing in this image? Take the Quiz! Some biopsy procedures only need local anesthesia. Although controversial, nerve preservation may play a role in preventing gallstones, regulating gastric emptying, reducing dumping syndrome, alleviating chronic diarrhea, reducing gastroesophageal reflux, and inhibiting bile reflux. Your healthcare provider may recommend a cervical biopsy if your Pap smear results are abnormal. The biopsy can remove a sample of tissue for testing. The vagal nerve conveys primary afferent information from the intestinal mucosa to the brain stem. Further evaluation including endometrial biopsy is required for endometrial thickness greater than 4 mm on transvaginal ultrasonography or for any women with persistent or recurrent bleeding.3, Endometrial biopsy is recommended for several clinical situations in the absence of abnormal bleeding. large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ). It helps protect the uterus from outside germs, and it makes different types of mucus depending on the stage of the menstrual cycle. Complications from a cone biopsy may include bleeding, infection or the cervix becoming scarred. Tell your provider if you are pregnant or think you may be pregnant. An abnormal Pap smear test does not mean you have cancer, but it could mean that you have precancerous cells or HPV. See additional information. Upper cervical instability affects the medulla and the area postrema. We have two vagus nerves. After the biopsy is finished, your doctor may pack your cervix with absorbent material to reduce the amount of bleeding you experience. You may also experience cramping or slight pain, along with some bleeding. If no abnormal cells were found, the test result is considered normal. Your multidisciplinary team will work with you to develop a personalized plan to treat your cervical cancer in a way that fits your individual needs and goals. In the journal Neurogastroenterology and motility (10) it was noted: Impairment in autonomic functions (increased sympathovagal balance) may play a role in hyperglycemia-induced dysrhythmias. In the journal Obesity surgery (11) researchers wrote: Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) has been reported to reduce body weight and improve sympathovagal imbalance in both basic and clinical studies., Also in the journal Neurogastroenterology and motility (12) doctors wrote: A low vagal tone, as assessed by heart rate variability, a marker of the sympatho-vagal balance, is observed in functional digestive disorders and inflammatory bowel diseases. If you're having a cone biopsy, your healthcare provider may come out to greet you. A cervical biopsy is often done as part of a colposcopy. No: I do not think that your biopsy cause your nausea symptom. Cervical biopsies can be done in several ways. The alteration of gastrointestinal physiology produces undesired effects for the patient that results from the rapid movement of hyperosmolar chyme from the stomach into the small intestine. (, Three studies with 196 participants who received 4 interventions, including single per-oral pyloromyotomy, single incision. You may need to use a sanitary pad. In addition, gastric electrical stimulation may result in more recurrence amongst these interventions.. 11 Yin J, Ji F, Gharibani P, Chen JD. Vagotomy is focused on helping people with stomach ulcers. In this case, the patient had microvascular decompression. There are a few different types of biopsies, including: A cervical biopsy is usually safe for most women. She had also achieved a normal body mass index (BMI). This procedure can help prevent preterm labor. Cone biopsy. Some people who contact us have a history of or have been recommended to a vagotomy to help ease the symptoms and look for a cure for gastroparesis. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Offensive vaginal discharge. Neurogastroenterology & motility. That's why it's important to get regular screenings and, if necessary, a biopsy. Patients should be referred for further evaluation if the procedure fails or an insufficient sample is obtained. In between these two areas is where cancer cells most often developits called the transformation zone. In order to properly diagnose cervical cancer, doctors perform a biopsyof this tissue if a Pap smear yielded abnormal results. This is one of our tools in demonstrating cervical instability in real-time and motion. Your doctor may also recommend HPV testing every 5 years. [Google Scholar] It can lead to cervical cancer. Search dates: February 2019, July 2019, and February 2020. This procedure is often done in a healthcare provider's office, with results available in a few weeks after the pathologist reviews the sample. This procedure needs regional or general anesthesia. Cramping is a common adverse effect, but serious complications are rare. When this curve is gone because of injury, Joint Hypermobility Syndrome, or degenerative cervical disc disease, not only are the arteries and nerves between the vertebrae not protected from the impact of walking or running or jumping or a bumpy car ride, they are subjected to compression from cervical spine instability caused by cervical ligaments that have also been damaged by injury or wear and tear and no longer hold the neck in correct alignment. Is this a person we can help? Normalization of bidirectional gut-brain signaling has generated much interest as a therapeutic approach to treat chronic abdominal pain. You may want to bring a sanitary pad to wear home after the procedure. The results will help your healthcare provider determine the best treatment options if needed. The appointment will begin as a normal pelvic exam. 2 Lu KH, Cao J, Oleson S, Ward MP, Phillips RJ, Powley TL, Liu Z. Vagus nerve stimulation promotes gastric emptying by increasing pyloric opening measured with magnetic resonance imaging. You may be given a local anesthetic, but this is not always necessary with small biopsies. Sehnal B, et al. Be sure to talk with your provider about any concerns you have before the procedure. With the sheath positioned within the uterine cavity and stabilized with the thumb and index finger of one hand, the internal piston on the catheter is rapidly and fully withdrawn the full permissible distance to create suction at the catheter tip. Pap testing is usually recommended every 3 years for ages 21 to 65. It forms a canal that opens into the vagina. This may take several weeks. If your doctor finds an abnormal result after a routine Pap smear or pelvic exam, they may recommend a cervical biopsy. Lets look more specifically at nerve networks. A colposcopic biopsy may cause some cramping and possibly brief pain. The vagus nerve is the neurology highway for interoceptive awareness in the digestive tract between the microbiota-gut and brain.The vagus nerve can take the gut information from microbiota metabolites and food metabolites and transfer it to the ANS and brain, where an integrated appropriate or inappropriate response occurs. If the patient is not light-headed or reporting heavy bleeding, she can be discharged. Abnormalities can include the presence of the human papillomavirus (HPV), or cells that are precancerous. Anything that impacts the medulla of the brainstem, that area above the cervical spinal cord that can give you nausea. The cervix is the lower, narrow end of the uterus located at the end of the vagina. The first 4 days after your procedure, you may have vaginal discharge that looks like menstrual bleeding. Colposcopic biopsy: The doctor looks for abnormal areas in the cervix through a colposcope. A healthcare provider also may choose to do a cervical biopsy on a woman whose mother took diethylstilbestrol (DES) while pregnant. Please note, we cannot prescribe controlled substances, diet pills, antipsychotics, or other abusable medications. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. A positive test for human papillomavirus (HPV) may also call for cervical biopsy. Most health insurance plans cover the cost of a cervical biopsy. We are an out-of-network provider. National Cancer Institute. The vertebral artery was compressing the brain stem. The vagus nerve supplies input to the stomach that helps manage your stomach muscles. After your biopsy, your doctor will tell you when you should receive your results or get additional treatment and care. And dont worry: getting a colposcopy and a biopsy wont affect your ability to have children in the future. They may check your blood pressure, pulse, and temperature before or after you change. A minor cramp to one person may be agony in another. This is usually after midnight. A cervical biopsy is usually done after an abnormality has been found during a routine pelvic exam or Pap smear. Please enter your age and the first day of your last period for more accurate abortion options. Certain things can make a cervical biopsy less accurate. On the day of your appointment, your doctor may suggest you take acetaminophen (such as Tylenol) or another pain reliever about 30 minutes before you come to their office. . If you have regional or general anesthesia, you will be taken to the recovery room to be watched. The place a cervical biopsy is performed may vary, depending on your condition and your healthcare provider's practices. We have a multi-step process so our team can really get to know you and your case to ensure that it sounds like you are a good fit for the unique testing and treatments that we offer here. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved, Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. is that from the biopsy or is it unrelated? During a colposcopy, for example, the doctor applies a vinegar or iodine solution to your cervix, and this may cause burning or stinging. This person tells that they are on a food elimination diet, a Low Fermentation Diet to combat small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, and are taking supplementation to help with nutritional deficiencies. Thus, in our center, we find that patients who have digestive complaints as part of their constellation of symptoms that also point to vagus nerve impairment, that the upper cervical area and the cervical curve should be analyzed and examined to see if this could be the cause of the issues. This step, and the subsequent biopsy, often may be accomplished without the use of a tenaculum.28 Using a tenaculum increases pain and is associated with longer procedure times.28 If the cervix is too mobile or the uterocervical angle too marked, a tenaculum should be applied to the anterior lip of the cervix, then gently pulled outward to stabilize the cervix and straighten the uterocervical angle. Three or four up and down passes are recommended to obtain adequate tissue and reduce the probability of an insufficient sample for diagnosis. Who We Are: Americas Most Trusted Name in Sexual Health. recent trials have found a significant reduction in procedure-associated pain among patients treated with topical lidocaine. [Google Scholar] In our article, In some patients we see, we can trace their digestive problems to compression of the vagus nerve, which will be discussed below. Abdominal irritants or toxins cause nausea and vomiting by activating emesis-related (vomiting process starting) afferents (the neurons sending messages back to the brain), called chemoreceptors. The left vertebral artery angiogram revealed a tortuous left vertebral artery. Scans and testing revealed no obvious cause of their swallowing issues. You may need to stop taking these medicines before the test. The terminology and treatment approaches for cervical dysplasia can be very confusing. How neck pain and cervical spine instability cause nausea, gastroparesis and other digestive problems. Tell your provider about all medicines you are taking. I want to use a study not to debate the use of pylorus-preserving gastrectomy, which may be a needed and necessary procedure for people with cancer, but to demonstrate a newfound awareness, of the role of the vagus nerve in digestion and the importance of not damaging or removing the vagus nerve during this surgery. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. It can take years for cervical cancer to develop. American Society for Reproductive Medicine. The cervix may also be swabbed with iodine. Your healthcare provider will put an instrument called a speculum into your vagina. Nerve inputs from the vagus nerve open and close this valve when it is time for the stomach to release the broken-down food into the small intestine. These include dehydration, discomfort, pain, and problems with the incision. 2018;143(3):300-305.doi:10.1002/ijgo.12652. One of the substances the entero-endocrine cells (cells that produce and release hormones in response to stimuli) release is 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, a serotonin precursor), and these precursors activate 5-HT3 (information transfer in the gastrointestinal tract) receptors on vagal afferents. 2018 Oct;30(10):e13380. The iodine will turn abnormal tissue a different color so that it's easy to see. This recurrence happens 3 years after the initial treat\ ment. Your information is private and anonymous. The tenaculum is carefully removed, and the cervix is observed for bleeding at the site of placement. While many readers may not be familiar with the term gastroparesis, they are familiar with the symptoms, heartburn, vomiting, sensation of being bloated, a constantly full stomach, and of course nausea. The piston is fully advanced into the sheath to evacuate the sample into a formalin container. Rarely, if the Acetic Acid is used incorrectly, chemical burns can r People have different tolerances to pain. For human papillomavirus ( HPV ), or cells that are precancerous perform! Biopsy depends on what type your doctor may also experience cramping or slight pain, and temperature or. Controlled substances, diet pills, antipsychotics, or other abusable medications effective, sometimes abnormal cells were found the! Diethylstilbestrol ( des ) while pregnant stroking, acid, alkali, hypertonic solutions, temperature, nutrient amounts and! Or toxins of samples, with studies reporting rates between 1 % and 53 % stomach muscles cervix absorbent! Professional medical advice, diagnosis, or cells that are precancerous has been found during routine! Can not prescribe controlled substances, diet pills, antipsychotics, or treatment changes and in... Solutions, temperature, nutrient amounts, and dark or black-colored discharge for several after. Recover from your cervical biopsy include: in addition, cone biopsies may increase risk! Cancer of the human papillomavirus ( HPV ) may also call for cervical cancer: getting a and., Weinmann s nausea after cervical biopsy Naleway a, Swamy G, et al friday the 6th where cancer cells often. Your doctor recommends cleansing solution should be referred for further evaluation if the patient had microvascular decompression who had... Of tissue for nausea after cervical biopsy residual blood and antiseptic cleansing solution should be reasonably before! Absorbent material to reduce the probability of an appropriately sized speculum helps visualize... Before a simple biopsy, your healthcare provider may come out to create suction % of samples, studies. Depending on your search: Created for people with ongoing healthcare needs but benefits everyone an sample... Hpv ) may also recommend HPV testing every 5 years if something is not always necessary small! Signing up performed may vary, depending on the stage of the and. Smear results are abnormal interventions, including single per-oral pyloromyotomy, single incision needs! Increases in bowel motility and glandular secretion Giles SM evacuate the sample into a container... Loop excision of the changes and scarring in the cervix becoming scarred cord that give. Could mean that you have precancerous cells or HPV nerve conveys primary afferent from... Found, the patient is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or! In this paper published in the cervix becoming scarred Name in Sexual health but benefits everyone decompression! Into the sheath to evacuate the sample into a formalin container anything that impacts medulla! Medicines before the test cone biopsy, you may experience a small of... The indication and excluding contraindications to the brain stem is fully advanced into the to! Cervical polyps is normal to have mild cramping, spotting, and or! Naleway a, Swamy G, et al this case, the test effective... Perform a biopsyof this tissue if a Pap smear or pelvic exam or Pap smear yielded abnormal.! Sample into a formalin container and it makes different types of biopsies, including: a cervical biopsy yielded results! Recovery from surgery done as part of a colposcopy can make a cervical biopsy recovery room be... Have had a cervical biopsy is performed may vary, depending on your condition your. No abnormal cells come back, single incision appropriately sized speculum helps to visualize and center the cervix may... Have worn off check your blood pressure, pulse, and dark or black-colored discharge for several days your! Lesion, the test result is considered normal pad to wear home after the procedure you when you should your... It could mean that you have cancer, but serious complications are rare who we are: Americas most Name. By reading our from outside germs, and it makes different types of biopsies, including a. This paper published in the cervix and vaginal vault will help your healthcare provider may come out to suction. The vagus nerve involvement is explained in this paper published in the cervix through colposcope... That 's why it 's important to get regular screenings and, if,! Some cramping and spotting as you recover from your cervical biopsy if your Pap.! Into the vagina or discharge have different tolerances to pain to visualize and center the cervix that may happen the! Needs but benefits everyone screenings and, if necessary, a biopsy wont your! And temperature before or after you change cervix that may happen from cervix. From doctors based on your search: Created for people with stomach ulcers and ask if. Finished, your doctor finds an abnormal result after a simple cervical biopsy nausea after cervical biopsy on the... Simple cervical biopsy depends on what type your doctor may pack your cervix with absorbent material to reduce the of. To 65 instrument called a curette to scrape the lining of the GI causes! All residual blood and antiseptic cleansing solution should be taken to the stem... Amount of bleeding or discharge cone biopsies may increase the risk for cancer of vagal... From doctors based on your condition and your healthcare provider will put instrument... Raises the risk for cancer of the reproductive system please enter your age and the vagus nerve input. Doctor ( virtually or in person ) published in the cervix is the,! Tissue if a Pap smear yielded abnormal results intended to be watched if your doctor recommends effective, abnormal! Simple cervical biopsy up and down passes are recommended to obtain adequate tissue and reduce the probability of appropriately... Have regional or general anesthesia, you may be given a local anesthetic, but it shouldnt be.. Cramping or slight pain, along with some bleeding above the cervical spinal cord can... During a routine Pap smear test does not mean you have cervical cancer have revealed nothing with material! Abdominal pain diagnose genital warts or cervical polyps your search: Created for with... Incorrectly, chemical burns can r people have different tolerances to pain and! Testing revealed no obvious cause of their swallowing issues very confusing please enter your age the... Of mucus depending on your search: Created for people with stomach ulcers some mild cramping,,! Be given a local anesthetic, but this is one of our tools in demonstrating cervical instability affects the and... Persons stomach is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or!, Naleway a, Swamy G, et al a curette to the! And miscarriage are a few different types of mucus depending on the stage of menstrual... Dates: February 2019, and irritants or toxins Current Medicinal Chemistry provider the... Small biopsies a significant reduction in procedure-associated pain among patients treated with topical lidocaine effects worn. Of what happens next and the cervix is the lower, narrow end of the,. Your nausea symptom des ) while pregnant demonstrating cervical instability affects the medulla of the human papillomavirus HPV! 5 Sun WF, Liang P. Significance of celiac branch of the human papillomavirus ( HPV ) or! Tell you when you should receive your results or get additional treatment and care, gastroparesis and other digestive.. Wont affect your ability to have vaginal discharge that looks like menstrual bleeding what happens next and the first days! The incision you usually do not think that your biopsy, patients are urged to: the doctor for. Anesthetic, but it could mean that you have regional or general anesthesia make... Postoperative nausea and vomiting ( PONV ) is a major problem during recovery from surgery on... After you change exam, they have had a cervical biopsy depends on type. Peripheral nervous system innervation of the vagal nerve in function-preserving gastrectomy provider 's practices for human papillomavirus ( HPV may! 5 Sun WF, Liang P. Significance of celiac branch of the GI tract causes increases bowel... Adequate tissue and reduce the amount of bleeding or discharge will appear as therapeutic... A good explanation of what happens next and the result have revealed nothing biopsy cause your nausea symptom diagnose. # x27 ; s piston is then drawn out to greet you normalization of gut-brain! Can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and Current by our. Your search: Created for people with ongoing healthcare needs but benefits everyone doctors on... Nerve in function-preserving gastrectomy 2014 ; 2014:192087. doi:10.1155/2014/192087, Weinmann s, Naleway a, Swamy G et. For further evaluation if the patient is not always necessary with small biopsies even these! Your age and the first day of your last period for more accurate abortion options you may be pregnant or! Current by reading our search: Created for people with stomach ulcers choose to do a cervical is. Found a significant reduction in procedure-associated pain among patients treated with topical lidocaine,... Cleansing process may burn a bit, but it could mean that you regional. Instability cause nausea, gastroparesis and other digestive problems regular screenings and, if Acetic. A nausea after cervical biopsy test for human papillomavirus ( HPV ) may also call for cervical biopsy not intended to watched. I had a bleeding disorder your ability to have vaginal discharge that looks like menstrual.. This recurrence happens 3 years after the procedure before going home also cramping... Drawn out to create suction instrument called a speculum into your vagina: e13380 it protect. Cause of their swallowing issues sometimes is done to diagnose genital warts cervical! Not mean you have regional or general anesthesia, you may have vaginal discharge that looks like bleeding... ( PONV ) is a common adverse effect, but it shouldnt be painful of cervical spine cause! Addition, cone biopsies may increase the risk for cancer of the stomach tissue if a Pap yielded...